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2-digit by 2-digit multiplication worksheets
16 two-digit multiplication problems · 1 page + answer key
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Sixteen problems that multiply two two-digit numbers, like 46 × 37, four across with room for two partial products. In the Common Core standards this is a 4th grade skill (using place value strategies) that becomes standard-algorithm fluency in 5th grade.
Two partial products are the big idea: 46 × 7 and 46 × 30, then add. An area model, a rectangle split into four parts, makes it clear where each piece comes from. When this is solid, move on to 5th grade multiplication with three-digit numbers.
Tips for using it
- Draw a 2 × 2 area model for the first few: (40 + 6) × (30 + 7).
- Estimate: 46 × 37 is about 50 × 40 = 2,000, so 1,702 makes sense.
Variations
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Questions
Why is there a zero in the second row?
Because the second partial product multiplies by the tens digit. In 46 × 37, the 3 means 30, so 46 × 30 = 1,380. The zero holds the ones place.
Is 2-digit by 2-digit multiplication 4th or 5th grade?
Both. 4th graders multiply two two-digit numbers using models and strategies; 5th graders are expected to be fluent with the standard algorithm.