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1st grade subtraction worksheets
30 subtraction facts (0–20) · 1 page + answer key
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Thirty horizontal subtraction facts within 20, like 14 − 6 and 9 − 4. The Common Core standards ask 1st graders to subtract within 20, be fluent within 10, and understand subtraction as an unknown-addend problem: 10 − 8 means "what plus 8 makes 10?"
Horizontal problems encourage mental strategies over stacking: counting back for small numbers, counting up for close numbers, and using ten as a stepping stone (13 − 4 = 13 − 3 − 1). Pair this with 1st grade addition or the mixed addition and subtraction sheet.
Tips for using it
- Use ten as a bridge: 15 − 7 is 15 − 5 − 2 = 8.
- For problems like 12 − 9, count up from 9 to 12 instead of counting back 9.
Variations
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Questions
What subtraction should a 1st grader know?
Subtraction within 20 using strategies, with fluency within 10 by the end of the year. Knowing all facts within 20 from memory is a 2nd grade goal.
What if my child counts on fingers?
That's normal in 1st grade. Teach one strategy at a time, like counting up or using 10, and the finger counting fades as facts become familiar.